Netscape’s Initial Public Offering

Account 414-Individual Case Questions: â€Å"Netscape’s Initial Public Offering† SS13 You are liable for delivering composed responses to the accompanying inquiries drawn from the case â€Å"Netscape’s Initial Public Offering. † You can work with others on this task, yet every individual must turn in their own arrangement of answers. 1. The case shows that a gathering of media firms made an interest in Netscape during April of 1995. Utilizing figures from the case, what is the base worth these speculators more likely than not surveyed for Netscape’s resources when they made this investment?The least worth these financial specialists more likely than not evaluated for Netscape’s resources when they made this venture was $163,636,363. 60. ($18M/. 11) I utilized $18M in light of the fact that that would be 11% of their value. 2. Utilizing figures in the shows, gauge Microsoft’s showcase estimation of value on June 30, 1995. Microsoft†™s showcase estimation of value on June 30, 1995 was $56,730,960. (39. 00*2. 32*627,000 offers) 3. For what reason would Netscape favor an IPO to the option of endeavoring to acquire new assets from a bank?Netscape would incline toward an IPO to the option of endeavoring to get new assets from a bank since they wished to subsidize anticipated future development, reserve money, and increase perceivability. Conversation question: You don't have to address the accompanying inquiry, yet you should consider it ahead of time since we will examine it in class. Is $28 the right cost for Netscape stock? What presumptions about development rates in profit may legitimize this stock cost?

Philippines and International Division Free Essays

Building an association In 1933, TTC chose Tony Kitchner to begin global activities. He requested the assets and self-rule to make an International Division. 1. We will compose a custom paper test on Philippines and International Division or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now The new division should have been discrete from Jollibee’s Philippine side, with an alternate personality and abilities. 2. He concurred with TTC that pulling in accomplices with great associations in their business sectors ought to be a need. 3. To extend a picture of a world-class organization and make it to look and act like a, dislike a nearby chain. 4. Kitchner started enrolling experienced internationalists from inside and outside Jollibee. Including outside experts for showcasing, money, quality control, and item improvement helped keep inventive thoughts stirring. Vital Thrust Tony Kitchner has a clear target that increment the pace of global extension with the goal of making Jollibee one of the world’s top ten cheap food marks by 2000. Two principle topics planned: 1. Focusing on expats: the a huge number of ostracize Filipinos working in the Middle East, Hong Kong, Guam, and other Asian domains as a dormant market for Jollibee and as a decent introductory base to help passage. However, subsequent to opening stores, he found that this market was restricted. 2. Planting the banner: the desire was that by growing the quantity of stores, the establishment could assemble brand mindfulness which thusly would decidedly affect deals. The issue is simply subsequent to accomplishing a specific degree of deals could most franchisees manage the cost of the publicizing and advancement. The other test was that fast development prompted asset limitations. I think he entered new markets without appropriate market. Operational administration Market section: Kitvhner gave obligation regarding the opening to one of the division’s Franchise Services Managers(FSM). One obligation in which a franchisee was profoundly included was the key first store. A structure supervisor in the International Division offered help. Oversight and proceeding with help As activities balanced out and the senior supervisor began to see designs in deals and operational needs, FSMs permitted stores to report similar information week after week and give a month to month outline. On the off chance that FSM saw a decrease in deals and directors couldn't think of arrangements themselves, FSM should mentor them to assist them with producing answers. This open association fit with TTC’s perspective on establishment relations. Be that as it may, his system was not engaged. CONTROL is a critical issue for progress and TK’s division was wild. Worldwide versus local practice After various market passage fights, various components of Jollibee’s Philippine plan of action should have been adjusted abroad. They concluded that they expected to reposition ourselves to focus on a more up-advertise customer base. Specifically, they hated the Philippine store plan. So Kitchner created three new store styles, in changed the red foundation to orange, and included the trademark. Kitchner and his staff rolled out various different improvements to Jollibee’s Philippine business working model. Redoing for nearby tastes Such changes incited protesting from numerous in the huge household business, and nothing activated more debate than the investigation with menu things. Chiefs in the global division accepted that menus ought to be acclimated to nearby inclinations. Since other menu things were only occasionally evacuated, these augmentations for the most part expanded the size of menus abroad. It generally came at the expense of some working proficiency and working control. So RD staff on the Philippine side questioned exhaustingly. By and large, the global division’s adjustment of menus and items caused significant strain with the Philippine side of Jollibee. I think Kichner overemphasized the distinctions in the abroad markets. He would have been savvy to fuse the Jollibee organization reasoning into his division to encourage the brotherhood that was woefully inadequate. The division that emerged between the household and the worldwide side show an absence of correspondence. Furthermore, propelling the International Division ought to at a progressively quiet pace. Step by step instructions to refer to Philippines and International Division, Papers

Breastfeeding: Advantages and Disadvantages

Breastfeeding: Advantages and Disadvantages This article is conceivably immense in its degree as the points of interest and burdens of breastfeeding can change colossally relying upon which authority one decides to counsel. (1) We will along these lines take a review and present the for the most part acknowledged contentions around there. There is a significant proof base for the advantages of breastfeeding for the newborn child, yet additionally the mother, the families and society in general. (2). The advantages are dietary, yet spread different territories, for example, improvement, invulnerability, mental prosperity, by and large wellbeing dangers, social and ecological zones (3) Human milk is broadly suggested as the food of decision for the in any case solid full-term infant. Aside from giving the ideal nourishment it contains various cell and humoral parts, for example, phagocytes, immunocompetant cells, immunoglobulins and hormones and furthermore plays a (so far, not completely characterized) job in advancing intestinal mucosal development. (4) In view of these (and other) contemplations, the World Health Organization suggests select breastfeeding for in any event the initial a half year of life. (5) There is across the board proof that the pattern towards general breastfeeding is expanding (viz. 6) in a large portion of the created nations, Fewtrell gives a worldwide figure of 2% every year. yet, examines show that this pattern isn't equivalent over all financial and segment gatherings. On the off chance that we explicitly think about the UK circumstance, at that point we can show that the beginning of breastfeeding is equivalent in the working and non-working moms gatherings, in spite of the fact that on the off chance that one considers the circumstance of what number of moms are as yet breastfeeding at a half year baby blues, the frequency in the working moms bunch is not exactly a large portion of that in the non-working gathering. (7) What at that point is the proof base for the advantages of breastfeeding? In tending to this inquiry we will bind our remarks to those pertinent to the created world. On the off chance that we consider the Kramer study, which looked at the advantages of kept breastfeeding from 3 months to a half year, the creators had the option to show that the extra 3 months delivered benefits as far as more prominent weight increase, more prominent development (length) along with a decreased occurrence of gastrointestinal disease. (8) In outright terms be that as it may, the advantages of breastfeeding over recipe milks (or dairy animals milk) is a lot more noteworthy. An immense number of potential youth diseases have been shown to have a lower occurrence in the breastfed kid including bacterial meningitis, looseness of the bowels, respiratory tract contaminations, otitis media, urinary tract diseases (9) just as less normal substances, for example, necrotising enetrocolitis (10). It is likewise huge that the all-cause death rates are 21% less in bosom taken care of newborn children. We should take note of that this figure, albeit precise, is deluding, the same number of high hazard babies are not bosom taken care of on account of their intercurrent issues. (11) Aside from diseases, numerous other medical advantages can be illustrated. There is a decrease in the occurrence in unexpected newborn child passing disorder younger than 1 yr. (12). Diabetes (Type I and Type II) is less normal among breastfed babies (in later life) similar to the frequencies of conditions, for example, lymphoma, leukemia and Hodgkin’s malady. (13). Breastfeeding will in general be related with a lower occurrence of stoutness, hypercholesterolaemia and asthma. (14) There is a somewhat more fragile proof base to help the advantage of breastfeeding as far as neurological turn of events. A few specialists propose that it can improve intellectual turn of events. (15) and it might likewise lessen the view of some excruciating boosts. (16) Notwithstanding benefits for the youngster, there are additionally various certifiable advantages for the mother who breastfeeds. In the event that nursing happens at the hour of birth, the resultant arrival of oxytocin lessens the occurrence of baby blues drain and speeds up uterine involution. (17). In the period after the birth, breastfeeding diminishes both fruitfulness and menstrual misfortune, it encourages an arrival to pre-pregnancy weight, it lessens the danger of both ovarian and bosom malignant growth (18) and may well decrease the rate of osteoporotic broke hips (19) In the initial section of this article we implied the advantages to the network all in all. These can be characterized in wording or decreased wellbeing expenses to the network by uprightness of the defensive impacts of breastfeeding. There are additionally less perceptible advantages as far as decreased representative non-appearance. A few specialists have ventured to highlight the natural advantages of decrease in vitality consumption on creation, circulation and removal of recipe takes care of and their bundling. (20) Up to this point we have thought about the positive advantages of breastfeeding yet so as to give a fair contention, we ought to likewise think about the drawbacks. The pre-term newborn child or seriously underweight or sick infant has extraordinary requirements and there are various reasons why they ought not be breastfed. The pre-term baby has juvenile physiological frameworks and the kidneys will most likely be unable to deal with the osmotic angles that are required to discharge the measure of liquid important to evacuate the measure of wholesome burden required for satisfactory development. This may bring about respiratory issues and intensification of any previous heart conditions (viz. patent ductus arteriosus). Therefore, most pre-term newborn child are electively parentrally taken care of and afterward weaned onto enteral taking care of when their gastrointestinal tract and other physiological frameworks are full grown enough to deal with the liquid burden. (21) On the off chance that the mother is sick or has a conceivably transmittable ailment, for example, HIV/AIDS or TB, at that point breastfeeding is contraindicated, for what it's worth in conditions when certain medications (both therapeutic and recreational) are taken by the mother. (22). We ought to likewise record that the proof for HIV/AIDS spread isn't secure, as certain examinations have proposed that breastfeeding really presents a level of insurance against HIV/AIDS for the kid. This is as yet a territory of impressive discussion. (23) It is additionally obvious from an assessment of the writing regarding the matter, that there is a lot of deception regarding the matter of breastfeeding in the well known press (and to a lesser degree in the clinical press). Breastfeeding isn't contraindicated in conditions, for example, Hepatitis B or C +ve. (24). Most febrile conditions are not a contraindication to breastfeeding as the maternal insusceptible reaction will be latently given to the youngster regardless. A few specialists recommend that tobacco smoking is a contraindication to breastfeeding. On the off chance that we expel contemplations of general wellbeing from the thought, there is no motivation behind why tobacco smoke ought to be viewed as a bar to breastfeeding accordingly. (it unmistakably might be silly notwithstanding) (25). A few specialists propose on hypothetical grounds that breastfeeding ought to be suspended during the time of physiological jaundice of the infant. Various late examinations have demonstrated this isn't essential and may cause inconceivable troubles in recovery building up breastfeeding after the occasion. (26) Fundamentally, inside the extent of the rejections alluded to above, human services experts ought to effectively energize and bolster moms in their capacity to breastfeed their posterity. In doing as such, one ought to consistently think about the self-rule of the mother (27) and endeavor to give strengthening and training so as to encourage the best outcome as opposed to impulse or enthusiastic extortion. (28). This should assist with guaranteeing the most extreme conceivable take up of breastfeeding from moms who have had the option to settle on a completely educated choice. On the off chance that immediate breastfeeding is preposterous, at that point, as a rule, communicated bosom milk is the favored substitute. In this article we don't dare to have secured anything like a thorough introduction of the contentions, yet there is no uncertainty, from an outline of the proof base regarding the matter, that in by far most of cases, both mother and kid will get generous advantages from having the option to bosom feed for in any event the initial a half year of life. References (1) Duerbeck N B (1998) Breast-taking care of: what you should know so you can converse with your patients. Comp Ther 1998 ; 24 : 310 318 (2) Kramer M S, Chalmers B, Hodnett E D, et al. (2001) Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT): a randomized preliminary in the Republic of Belarus. JAMA. 2001 ; 285 : 413 †420 (3) Schanler R J. (2001) The utilization of human milk for untimely newborn children. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001 ; 48 : 207 †219 (4) Margolis L H and J. B. Schwartz (2000) The Relationship Between the Timing of Maternal Postpartum Hospital Discharge and Breastfeeding. J Hum Lact, May 1, 2000 ; 16 (2) : 121 128. (5) Fewtrell M S , J. B Morgan, C. Duggan, G. Gunnlaugsson, P. L Hibberd, A. Lucas, and R. E Klein man (2007) Optimal span of elite breastfeeding: what is the proof to help current proposals? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2007 ; 85 (2) : 635S 638S. (6) Bonuck K A, K. Freeman, and M. Trombley (2006) Randomized controlled preliminary of a pre-birth and postnatal lactation expert intercession on newborn child social insurance use. Curve Pediatr Adolesc Med, September 1, 2006 ; 160 (9) : 953 960. (7) Kramer M S, Kakuma R. (2001) The Optimal Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization ; 2001 (8) Kramer M S , Guo T, Platt R W et al. (2003) Infant development and wellbeing results related with 3 contrasted and 6 mo of selective breastfeeding. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 78, No. 2, 291 295, August 2003 (9) Heinig M J. (2001) Host resistance advantages of breastfeeding for the baby. Impact of breastfeeding term and selectiveness. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001 ; 48 : 105 â€123 (10) Dewey K G, Heinig M J, Nommsen-Rivers L A. (1995) Differences in mor

Swiss Free Essays

He was additionally exceptionally strict and he dedicated a lot of his life to the Church and to the instruction of his youngsters. In the eighteenth century, minister and priests were the absolute most learned men in the nation and Johann Wyss was unquestionably no special case. His nitty gritty information on topography, organic science, and natural life is utilized to incredible impact in The Swiss Family Robinson. We will compose a custom exposition test on Swiss or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Johann Wyss experienced childhood in Bern, a tranquil and prosperous city in Switzerland. He stayed in Bern for the vast majority of his grown-up life, aside from a short stretch as a military minister in his twenties, when he went around Europe with a Swiss regiment.Writing and recounting stories were only a side interest for Johann. His primary occupation was as a minister in his old neighborhood, a vocation he saved for a large portion of his grown-up life. In 1803, he resigned to his nation home in Koeniz, where he developed leafy foods honey bees. The Swiss Family Robinson began life as an all-encompassing sleep time story that Johann would advise to his four children. The celebrated story of Robinson Crusoe, composed by Daniel Defoe in 1719, roused Wyss’s thought of wrecked family †however Wyss ensured that there were guardians on his island as well, to educate and control the more youthful kids. II. Complete Pages 72 pages Chapter 1 †page 1 †24 Chapter 2 †page 25 †57 Chapter 3 †page 58 †94 Chapter 4 †page 95 †116 Chapter 5 †page 117 †136 Chapter 6 †page 137 †161 Chapter 7 †page 162 †211 Chapter 8 †page 191 †211 Chapter 9 â€page 212 †253 Chapter 10 †page 254 †280 Chapter 11 †page 281 †300 Chapter 12 †page 301 †333 Chapter 13 †page 334 †354 Chapter 14 †page 355 †371 Chapter 15 †page 372 †398 Chapter 16 †page 399 †426 Chapter 17 †page 427 †453 Chapter 18 †page 454 †472 III. Setting The primary setting is at the center of the ocean where the boat wrecked.The second setting is at the tropical island where they take asylum and before long adjust to nature. IV. Characters a. Father †the storyteller of the story. Father is an entirely learned man who knows nearly everything there is to think about plants and creatures they experience on the island. In spite of the fact that he is some of the time very severe, he is a caring dad and spouse. b. Mother †a patient and kind lady who can make extravagant suppers out of practically any fixings. On the other rendition of The Swiss Family Robinson, Mother’s name is Elizabeth. c. Fritz †the oldest child. Fritz likes chasing and frequently assists his with fathering on trips around the island. d. Ernest †the subsequent child. Albeit learned and loaded with helpful data, he can be fairly languid †something that his dad consistently reprimands him for. e. Jack †the third child and â€Å"as dynamic as a monkey†. When Fritz leaves for England toward the finish of the novel, Jack takes over from him as the best tracker on the island. f. Franz †the most youthful child. Franz is regularly terrified of the absolute most perilous pieces of the island life, yet grows up to be similarly as solid and courageous as his senior siblings. g.Jenny Montrose †the main young lady, aside from mother, in the novel. Fritz finds her on a close by island after the family have been living alone for a long time. V. Summation of the Plot When the Robinson family are wrecked on a uninhabited remote location, they locate another universe of experience and information. As they figure out how to adapt to the numerous issues of life on the island, they become much nearer as a family. To start with, they should safeguard as much from the boat as possible. Here, they commit an error. They think just about the present and don't take things from the boat that will help them for the future.They don't gather enough salt, vanished out of the ocean water, and, through a long, chilly, wet winter, their put away meat goes spoiled. They construct a tree house in an inappropriate spot and can't keep warm and dry. Be that as it may, they get familiar with this exercise well, and make the important changes to their life. They move to a cavern house and gather salt, form cabins and plant seeds against the privations of the following winter. They are very fortunate with their island. It appears to have everything for their necessities. After some time, they find bamboo, plants which make paper and material, bison, yams and salt for protecting their food.They even discover pearl-bearing shellfish which they will in the end make them rich. They just thing they don’t find is another living soul †until, that is, the oldest child goes investigating and finds another wrecked individual on a little island close by. Jenny was headed to meet her dad when her boat went down. Be that as it may, she realizes her dad will be looking for her and, sufficiently sure, a boat in the end shows up. Jenny and Fritz leave the island, yet the remainder of the family choose to remain. VI. Qualities Family †the family consistently help each other in the midst of danger.They are continually supplicating together particularly during Sabbath Days. Mother and Father ensure that their children consistently get the correct qualities and exercises. Home †being separated from their genuine home, the family regarded the island as their actual home. Nature †the family figured out how to live with nature. They find various products of the soil herbs and they get various creatures for food. They made a huge tree their home. They even made a monkey as their pet. VII. Analysis/Recommendation This epic is really a diary of the dad in the anecdote about the experiences of his family. He began his diary from the day of the tempest until Fritz left the island. For me, this novel is the ideal one for kids who like experiences. It’s like an explorer’s handbook and field reference book. It is loaded with data and methods in the midst of peril. This tale additionally gives tips in endurance as well as esteems and exercises like asking each Sabbath Day, being sluggish will lead you to nothing, and so on. This epic shows that in each issue and battles don’t ever lose trust. Rather, let’s simply acknowledge our demands and let’s appreciate everything God gave us whether it is fortunate or unfortunate. The most effective method to refer to Swiss, Papers

Unbroken Essay Essay Example

Solid Essay Paper Solid Essay Unbroken is a verifiable book composed by Laura Hildebrand. Whole is about Lieu Simpering, an Italian American that lives in Torrance, California, destined to be an Olympic miler and bombardier of the flying corps. He was conceived in January 26, 1 917, at 5 years of age, Lieu would smoke cigarettes while strolling to kindergarten, and at 8 years of age he would begin drinking. He had an inconvenient adolescence; he would take around his neighborhood and would eat whatever was palatable. He would be harassed in light of the fact that he was a little child hen his father showed him how to battle in this way, at that point he began starting ruckuses yet he constantly appreciated his more established sibling Pete. One day when Lieu was discovered sneaking individuals in to a b-ball game by utilizing his home key (he discovered theres a 1/50 possibility of a fitting a key to any bolt), was later nearly suspended by the head and was not, at this point ready to take an interest in any game or school movement. Pete asked to the guideline to let Lieu take an interest in a game wherein later Pete persuaded Lieu to join track and discovered he was acceptable at running yet Lieu didnt like running in this way, he did it for the praise. Pete began training Lieu and he started to break records and earned the epithet Torrance Tornado. Lieu took an interest in an Olympic 5000 qualifier and lost however in spite of the misfortune he got welcome to the last of the Olympic in NY. He had the option to contend in the Berlin Olympics of 1936 despite the fact that he set in second spot in the finals in a completion so close, Lieu later stated, you couldnt put a hair be;men us. We will compose a custom article test on Unbroken Essay explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Unbroken Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Unbroken Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer While missing seventh spot he intrigues the crowd and meets Hitler who says, Ah, youre the kid with the quick completion. What was so noteworthy was his sat lap which broke record his last time, 14:46. 8, was by a long shot the quickest 5000 run by any American in 1 936, just about 12 seconds quicker than Lashs best for the year. Lieu got in a difficult situation with the Nazis when he needed to accept the Nazi banner as a trinket and later answered that he needed a gift of the cheerful time he had in delightful Germany so they let him proceed to let him take the banner. At the point when the press needed to catch wind of Louses experience he had 2 variants of how he got the banner in one form, Hitler himself had permitted him to keep the banner. In another, Lieu had covered the banner so keenly that it was rarely found. He had done everything, went the story, to win the core of a young lady. After the Olympics were done the Olympic Village was changed into a military sleeping enclosure. Returning from the Olympics Lieu went to the University of Southern California, warming up to Jimmie Assai, who was later discovered as a Japanese covert agent/war criminal whose endeavors to go as an understudy were evidently a detailed stratagem. Lieu was anticipating the following Olympics yet was later dropped in view of World War II. In 1941, Lieu joined the Army Corps, yet drops out later on. Be that as it may, Lieu doesnt read the papers Of renunciation from the Air corps to discover later in the wake of marking he had consented to rejoin them so he turned into a bombardier. Mites aircrew was comprised of Phillips, impermanent co-pilot net, Simpering, Mitchell, Douglas, Pillsbury, Clansman, Monster, Lambert, and Brooked. They were a capable team and their first strategic was additionally effective was on Wake Atoll. After the clash of Naira, a portion of the men endure an assault on their base on Funfair. Their first plane was called superman yet was later incapable to work after contact by somewhere in the range of zeros where 2 crew members passed on from seeping in the skull and another from being shot. Their plane after Superman was Green Hornet which wasnt airworthy, had new group individuals and had motor disappointments more than 200 miles from base and made them crash and therefore just Lieu, Mac, and Phil endure. They floated in the Pacific Ocean for 46 days. The main day Mac froze and ate the entirety of the nourishment apportions. They made due on the fowls to use as snare and in some cases nourishment when they didnt get any pilot fish. When passing on of thirst Lieu implored god and guaranteed, If god would extinguish their thirst, he pledged, hed commit his life to him. Downpour would fall the following day. Before arriving at land Mac passed on and the Japanese Ana caught them. The Japanese didnt illuminate America regarding the catch of Lieu. They let Lieu and Phillip recuperate in a medical clinic then they Were moved to a detainee camp where they thought they would be executed. Since Lieu was a renowned Olympic sprinter, he was given cruel treatment by the gatekeepers. He was sent to a camp in Tokyo where he got custom treatment from Mouthier Wattage a. K. A The Bird. A Japanese advocate needed to utilize Lieu to make ace Japanese communicates to America at that point was rebuffed for can't. The men were totally cut off from updates on the war until the watchmen let them go when the war was finished. Lieu was sent to an emergency clinic to acknowledge later that he could never run again. At the point when Lieu at last got back home their family were overjoyed to see their once little Lieu was well alive yet didn't know about his OPTS until during a homecoming he began having flashbacks and spit at any individual that looked Japanese. He had bad dreams when the Bird was beating him. In the wake of meeting Cynthia for about fourteen days he chose to approach her for marriage. Lieu turned into a hard consumer and tragically Cynthia needed a separation. Cynthia has a strict arousing and chooses to not record a separation in the wake of meeting Billy Graham. Cynthia figured out how to persuade Lieu to go to a Billy Grahams message. Lieu recollects the day with Phillip where he vows to god, on the off chance that he spared them, he would serve god until the end of time. Lieu quits drinking, quits having bad dreams, excuses The Bird, began giving talks and showing up to tell his experiences.

Chapter3 Methodology - Free Essay Example

Chapter3: Methodology Introduction This chapter will focus on the research framework and design, the hypotheses formulation and research method. This methodology will base on motivational theories analysis of Maharaj Rock Quarry Company to determine the research aim and objectives. The process of primary and secondary including statistical method will be discussed. In addition, this research will use a pilot survey in order to provide reliability and validity. 3.1. Research framework, design and formulation of hypothesis The research design The stage of the research process is briefly explained below. The figure demonstrates the decision making that researcher must take in every phase of the process of the research. The research process is begin with discovering the problem and explanation. Figure A research process flowchart Source developed from Zikmund 1994 pp. 38 This research begins with discover the problem that some of the employees at Maharaj Rock Quarry are lack of motivation. This problem leads to decreasing in job quality and production process. After discover the problem, a clear objective and definite design are created to make the research more efficient. The problem definition stage of the research process is probably the most significant stage; however; it is commonly ignored from many researchers (Zikmund, 2000). Exploratory research then conducted throughout the beginning stage of the research process. By analyzing any previous research on employees motivation, by communicating with knowledge persons, and by casually examining the situation, the researcher can increasingly sharpen the concepts. The four major categories of technique to gaining insights and obtaining a clearer concept of a difficulty contain analyzing in secondary data, pilot studies, case studies and experience surveys. Secondary data related to motivation at work are collected. The inside information from the company, articles and books discussing theories and previous empirical studies about employees work motivation are also gathered. Zikmund (1994) found that secondary data usually be collected faster and lower cost than primary data. Conversely, secondary data maybe outdated or possibly will not precisely reach the objective of the researcher.#3605;#3656;#3629; pilot study 3.3 Data Collection Method In this research, researcher collected information to meets the research objective. Therefore, the literature review and related data are collected by using both primary data and secondary data. 3.3.1 Primary data Primary data is created to resolve the specific problem to investigate (McDaniel and Gates, 2007). Wilson (2006) stated that there are three key processes of gather primary data. Firstly, he called a process of observation, qualitative and quantitative research. Those process may be either separate or join together. From Table 3.1, quantitative research is suitable for this particular model as this research contain limited probing, with using of questionnaire and decision model. Table 3.1: The differences between Qualitative and Quantitative (McDaniel and Gates, 2007) A structured approach is used with sample of potential respondents to produce scientific insights into employees motivation at Maharaj Rock Quarry. Survey method was chosen to collect information. As Zikmund (1994) claimed that survey lsquo;is a research technique in which information is gathered from a sample of people by use of questionnaire; a method of data collection based on communication with a representa tive sample of individuals. He also emphasised that there are many advantages of surveys method. Surveys present quick, efficient and inexpensive of measuring information of the respondents. However there are some errors in survey research and the two main causes of error in survey are lsquo;random sampling error and systematic error. Figure present the a variety of survey error form. #3651;#3627;#3657;#3607;#3619;#3634;#3618;#3607;#3635;#3619;#3641;#3611;#3651;#3627;#3657;#3627;#3609;#3656;#3629;#3618;#3588;#3656;#3632; Figure Tree diagram of Total Survey Error Source: developed from Zikmund 1994 pp. 172 According to figure , this suvey might have some error 3.3.2 Secondary data K.Jear Secondary data has been written or printed by researchers for distinctive purpose that might be relevant to research problem (William, 2003). In the meantime, secondary data provides necessary background information and builds credibility in this study such as definition, industry data, and reference which are important for the beginning of this study (McDaniel and Gates, 2007). The advantages of secondary data are convenience and spend less cost and time when compare with primary data collection. Apart from this, the secondary data helps to clarify research needed while carrying out this research. The secondary data was gathered through the secondary research methodology which obtained information from previous source and documents. By doing this, the secondary data was available in reports of various organisations, internet, and literature materials such as books and academic research. The main source of knowledge and information is the text books that provide basic theo ry and definition of the targeted subject. From time to time, the authors often have different attitudes and opinions on particular issue. However, there is a main stream of theory which is thought to be typical because it was shared and accepted by the most authors. Many books demonstrated theories by cases and experience support. One disadvantage of the text books is that some of their information might be old-fashioned or out-of-date. Although some theories are old, they are classic models that are useful for many years. Several new theories were not be publicised immediately because they need to be tested, argued, evaluated, and written systematically into text books. Therefore, the text books provided only some reliable theories for this study, even though they are not the up-dated information. In addition, internet providing secondary information has become more visible and accessible to the researcher. Researchers have used such search engine which is now being popular among computer users to look for the needed information. Google and Google Scholar allow users to enter key words and to search for databases on their websites. However, search engine found many irrelevant articles and databases. Several journals provided new concept, idea, and recent information in different criteria and made them available in the form of electronic database. Academic journal is the most important source to get research findings and useful information that used in this study. The Brunel University supports its students and researchers by providing valuable resources such as books, journals, and databases. Athens account can access to electronic database which is the easiest and fastest way. Researcher used the key word lsquo;work motivation, lsquo;rewards system, and lsquo;employees satisfaction to find the needed articles from over thousand journals. Those included Human Resource Management International Digest, Journal of Managerial Psychology, European Jou rnal of Innovation Management, and Employee Relations The problem of using the journals is that the most articles aim to release the latest findings and information. Thus, it might lead to the lack of information validity and reliability in some area. Impact factor provides quantitative tools for ranking, evaluating, categorizing, and comparing journals. It is a measurement of the incidence in which an article in a journal has been cited in a particular period. However, impact factor apply only to journals, not articles or researchers. There is misuse in evaluating individual because a wide variation from article to article within a single journal. The limitations of secondary data, the fact that information was not designed particularly to meet this studys need. The collection of data was not controlled the accuracy of the secondary data such as gathering, codes, and data analysis. In addition, it might be biased to support the vested interest of source. Based on secondary data, there are vital theories, framework, and recent information for this research. Nevertheless, the availability, the accuracy, the validity and the reliability are frequently involved all these data collection. The secondary data is insufficient for the conducting of this research. Hence, this research needs more primary supporting data to ensure that the result of research findings are valuable and reliable (Malhotra, 2007). 3.4 Population and Sampling As Cooper and Schindler(2000) asserted that population is the whole group of basics concerning what the researchers desire to shape out the results and finding. Thus, the chosen group of people has to be a good quality representative of the population (Grimm, 1993). 3.5 Questionnaire design Relevance and accuracy are the two fundamental criterions to be reached whether the questionnaire is to meet the researchs objectives. The questionnaire was designed systematically by made quite a few decisions as listed below (Zikmund 2000) o What should be asked? o How should each question be phrased? o In what sequence should the question be arranged? o What questionnaire layout will best serve the research objective? o How should the questionnaire be pretested? Does the questionnaire need to revised? For asking the respondents a specific question and gave them a particular alternative to help them make a quick decisions, close-ended question was used (Aaker and Day, 1990). In addition, the questionnaires were made in both Thai and English versions as mean to bring the participants have deeper and clearer understanding in the questions. The questionnaire contains 10 questions and was classified into two main area (see in Appendix 1). As the instruction can support the participants to complete questionnaire, the researchs objective was noticeably described. An explanation of respondents voluntary and confident was provided by encoding information to numeric form. Finally, the most significant part is individual opinion, and therefore, this study can minimize biased response by stressed that there is no right or wrong answers. The questionnaire can be categorized into four sections as shown in table 3.6 Pilot test and Alterations K. Jear Pilot testing or pre-testing is a self-administered questionnaire survey that is tested in full range of questions. The purpose is to identify problem in the questionnaire, eliminate research design fault, and to measure the practical, format and completion time (Ghauri and Gronhaug, 2002; Wilson, 2006). This testing can ensure that respondent understand all questions and questionnaires consist of full targeted information. It also can articulate whether the method chosen for the use in a research program is adequate to meet the research objectives (Ghauri and Gronhaug, 2003). It is important to prove questionnaire which is carried out in this research is consistent and able to do actual research. The questionnaire was conducted by sending the email survey to a small group of sample of the population. The participants were chosen by judgment of the sample in which investigator regards as the most appropriate in this research. All of them have to work at Maharaj Rock Quarry Compa ny with different ages and work experience. Ten pilot survey with difference ages and work experience was conducted. This may provide difference idea of rewards toward work motivation. 3.7 Validity and Reliability The research which provided opportune correct and clear information is an ideal research(McDaniel and Gates, 2007). Finn et al (2000). stated that research is assessed by using a validity and reliability to guarantee adequacy of attitude scales. This research used lsquo;Cronbachs alpha technique which basically calculate the average reliability coefficient. This technique calculates the standard intercorrelations between items to concept (McDaniel and Gates, 2007 ; Bryman and Cramer, 2995). Generally, alpha score less than 0.60 represents a lack of reliability, the alpha which can acceptable should be between 0.7-0.8 ranges, and over 0.8 is more internally reliable (Saunders et al., 2007 ; Cronbach, 1990 ). Sekaran (2003) stated that 10-20 respondents were appropriate for a pilot study;thus, ten questionnaires were carried out as a pilot survey. According to pilot surveys, the reliability coefficient alpha for 10 variables is 0.819 (Appendix 2a), therefore, this questionnaire is acceptable and appropriate to conduct actual research. 3.8 Method of Analysis (SPSS) The data collected in the questionnaires administered for this study were analyzed using SPSS (statistical package for Social Science) version 13.0. The alpha level is 0.05.Likert scale technique was used in order to achieve an appropriate measurement of the respondents attitude toward job satisfaction and motivation. Pearsons correlation was used to examine the correlation concerning variables in the research framework. Then, multiple-regression is used to investigate the relationship between independent and dependent variables. 3.9 Limitations of the survey Limitation occurred in the survey could affect the result of the research. In this study, there were three core possible limitations which are method of data collection, answers given by the respondents and questionnaires. Firstly, selected approach for data collection was one of the limitations. As Schaefer and Dillman (1998) agreed that although World Wide Web technology is more prevalent in surveying methods, there is still some disadvantage of it. Nevertheless, due to this research focus on online purchasing behavior, gathering data by merely through online could lead to biasness. To a large extent, sending out online questionnaires to respondents could produce narrowed scope of sample group. It is obvious that people who response the online questionnaires seem to be respondents whose life styles are already online. As a result, it could have an influence on biasness as it eliminates the opportunities to collect data from other people who do not have or do not want to have onli ne access. In this case, thus, another data collecting approaches such as face to face interviewing or sending questionnaire by hand delivery instead of web-based communication might bring more efficiency for the research outcome. Secondly, respondents might be a cause of incorrect answers. For one thing, certain respondents are in a hurry, so they might choose the wrong choices by accident, and some of them might in an unstable emotion, then the questionnaires are completed wrongly. Apart from these, there are still having other factors like unreliability of the respondents, their misunderstanding and their prejudice toward online purchasing behavior. Moreover, they may answer the questions roughly without consideration, therefore, the answers that come from these kinds of respondents do not elicit from the real opinion or experience. Lastly, the questionnaire itself could affect the validity and reliability of the research. It is generally agreed that the close-ended questio nnaire is provide less time consuming and ease of use for respondents. On the other side, the multiple choices presented in the questionnaires might not perfectly match to their exact opinions. Accordingly, respondents had to choose one choice that is not an answer they want because they cannot find the answer that actually suits their points of view. 1. #3614;#3609;#3633;#3585;#3591;#3634;#3609;#3652;#3617;#3656;#3585;#3621;#3657;#3634;#3605;#3629;#3610;#3605;#3634;#3617;#3588;#3623;#3634;#3617;#3648;#3611;#3655;#3609;#3592;#3619;#3636;#3591; 2. 3.10 Summary This chapter focused on the research design that appropriate with the research aim and objectives. Several different methods was used as to collect the data both primary and secondary data. The quantitative research is both launched through web hosting site and used of electronic mail. Furthermore, the use of pilot test is to guarantee that the questions are capable to carry out in actual research, to evaluate reliability as a consequence of Cronbach alpha technique and to evaluate proper samples size from statistic formula. The next chapter will analyze data from data collection to test hypotheses from the designed framework.

The One Strategy to Use for Chspe Essay Questions Samples Unveiled

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